Category Archives: V

Veterans

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Veterans

Police and Security Service of the Department of Veterans Affairs

In line with Vincent A. Munch

about Veterans in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

The Veterans Administration (VA) Police and Security Service is responsible for protecting patients (former military personnel), visitors, employees, and property at department facilities, which include 172 medical centers, 551 clinics, and 115 national cemeteries in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Philippines. The Police and Security Service is one of three sections under the Office of Security and Law Enforcement (OS&LE). The OS&LE provides guidance, consultation, investigative, and direct operational support to the VA. A deputy assistant secretary for security and law enforcement heads the unit and oversees and develops policy and procedures related to VA security as well as officer training. More than 2,000 officers are assigned specifically to medical facilities.

Volunteers

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Volunteers

Volunteers

In line with Martin Alan Greenberg

about Volunteers in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

According to some experts, volunteerism is the most effective, democratic, and humane anticrime strategy currently available to Americans. Volunteers participated in America's law enforcement scene prior to and after the arrival of the first white European settlers. Some of the first European volunteers consisted of the militia forces organized by Captain Myles Standish, the military leader of the Pilgrims who landed in America and founded the colony of New Plymouth in 1620. Significantly, prior to the arrival of the Europeans, some Native American (United States) nations had also developed their own style of policing that relied heavily on voluntary participation. For example, the Plains nations established honorary military societies to police their annual reunion ceremonies, gatherings, and buffalo hunts.

Vehicle Searches

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Vehicle Searches

Vehicle Searches

In line with Adam J. McKee

about Vehicle Searches in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution provides most of the controlling principles regarding searches. The Amendment provides that the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized. The United States Court of last resort of the Country, which is responsible for interpreting the Constitution, has decided many cases that have spelled out exactly when a search warrant is required and when a warrant is not required. Vehicles are generally considered an exception to the Fourth Amendment's search warrant requirement. This exception is also known as the Carroll doctrine because it was in Carroll v. United States of America (1925) that the Court of last resort of the Country ruled that automobiles were unique.

Volstead Act

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Volstead Act

Volstead Act

In line with Yi Sheng

about Volstead Act in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

The Volstead Act, also know as the National Prohibition Act, was established to prohibit the manufacture of intoxicating beverages and also to regulate the production, transportation, use, and sale of alcoholic beverages containing more than one-half of 1% alcohol. Andrew Volstead (R-MN) was the chief sponsor of the act, which was initially ratified on January 16, 1919, but was vetoed by President Woodrow Wilson. Congress overrode him and passed the law on October 28, 1919. The Volstead Act became effective as the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution on January 17, 1920. Alcohol consumption became a social issue in the 19th century and the temperance movement was ubiquitous in the United States of America. People were concerned about the excessive use of alcoholic beverages causing moral delinquency through family violence, poverty, crime, disorder, and incompetence in the workplace.

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act

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Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act

In line with Amy D'Olivio

about Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act was first referred to the House Committee on Judiciary on October 26, 1993, and was eventually signed by President William J. Clinton on September 13, 1994. It became the largest crime fighting bill passed by Congress, with provisions for spending almost $30.2 billion from 1995 through 2000. The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (Crime Control Bill) (Publ. L. No. 103-322) amended the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, the first federal program deliberately designed as a block grant to assist state and local law enforcement agencies in crime reduction. The Crime Control Bill was a comprehensive bill that affected a variety of crime-fighting legislation. There was grant funding to be dispersed across governments and agencies, in addition to many substantive provisions.

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

In line with Lisa A. Williams

about Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act was first referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary on October 26, 1993, and was eventually signed by President Clinton on September 13, 1994. It became the largest crime-fighting bill passed by Congress, with provisions for spending almost $30.2 billion from 1995 through 2000. The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (Crime Control Bill) (P.L. 103322) amended the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, the first federal program deliberately designed as a block grant to assist state and local law enforcement agencies in crime reduction. The Crime Control Bill was a comprehensive bill that affected a variety of crime-fighting legislation. There was grant funding to be dispersed across governments and agencies, in addition to many substantive provisions.

Virginia v. Moore

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Virginia v. Moore

Virginia v. Moore as a Leading U.S. Case

Virginia v. Moore is one of the leading United States Supreme Court decisions impacting law enforcement in the United States, and, in this regards, Virginia v. Moore may be a case reference for attorneys and police officers. As a leading case, this entry about Virginia v. Moore tries to include facts, relevant legal issues, and the Court's decision and reasoning. The significance of Virginia v. Moore is also explained, together with the relevance of Virginia v. Moore impact on citizens and law enforcement.

Citation of Virginia v. Moore

553 U.S. 164 (2008)

Violence against Women Act

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Violence against Women Act

Violence against Women Act

In line with Jason Mazzone

about Violence against Women Act in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

Responding to the harm to women caused by domestic abuse, rape, stalking, sexual assault, and other forms of violence, in 1994 Congress enacted the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). VAWA contained numerous provisions designed to reduce the frequency of violence against women, to hold perpetrators accountable for their actions, and to provide greater relief to victims. It also authorized $1.62 billion in federal funds over six years for these purposes. The most innovative provision of VAWA created a civil rights remedy allowing victims of violent crimes (there is more information about criminal law in the American Legal Encyclopedia and about crimes and criminals vocabulary) motivated by gender to bring a legal action against their perpetrators for monetary damages and other relief. However, in 2000, in United States of America v. Morrison , the Court of last resort of the Country of the United States of America held that the civil rights provision of VAWA was unconstitutional. Congress enacted VAWA following extensive hearings on the pervasiveness of violence committed by men in the United States of America against women.

Victims

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Victims

Police Response to Victims

In line with Susan Herman

about Victims in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

More than 25 million people in the United States of America become victims of crime every year. The experience can destroy victims' sense of safety and trust in other human beings, and become emotionally and financially devastating. In the aftermath of crime, victims rely on the police-the first responders to crime scenes-for support, information, and guidance through the criminal justice and social service systems. When police are effective gateways to such support, victims are more likely not only to recover from their experience, but also to help police solve crimes (there is more information about criminal law in the American Legal Encyclopedia and about crimes and criminals vocabulary) and prevent revictimization. Although crime affects individuals in different ways, victims often have similar emotional responses in the hours or days immediately after a crime. Many victims experience a crisis reaction, often with shock and numbness during the initial phase, when most first responders interact with victims.

Vigilantes

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Vigilantes

Vigilantes

In line with Dara N. Byrne

about Vigilantes in the Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement:

Vigilante activity in the United States of America dates as far back as the mid-1700s. Waves of vigilantism spread across the country in order to deal with rising crime rates on the expanding frontier and in gold rush and mining communities around the time of the Civil War. Vigilance committees were usually formed by local men as an attempt at restoring law and order whenever there was an absence of a well-established legal institution or an inadequate law enforcement system. These committees were usually composed of prominent men who banded together to capture, try, and punish those who were perceived as engaging in unlawful activities. Many of their practices included beating, flogging, forced labor, or lynching, depending on the severity of the crime. Vigilantism is often characterized by moblike violence, but it is markedly different because vigilance committees use careful organization, planning, and structure, even if the committee exists only briefly.

Vale v. Louisiana

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Vale v. Louisiana

Vale v. Louisiana as a Leading U.S. Case

Vale v. Louisiana is one of the leading United States Supreme Court decisions impacting law enforcement in the United States, and, in this regards, Vale v. Louisiana may be a case reference for attorneys and police officers. As a leading case, this entry about Vale v. Louisiana tries to include facts, relevant legal issues, and the Court's decision and reasoning. The significance of Vale v. Louisiana is also explained, together with the relevance of Vale v. Louisiana impact on citizens and law enforcement.

Citation of Vale v. Louisiana

399 U.S. 30 (1970)